ORACLE 傻瓜手册V2.0(pdf)

ORACLE 傻 瓜 手 册................................................................................................1
1 安装.........................................................................................................................6
1.1 通用设置.......................................................................................................................6
1.2 UnixWare7......................................................................................................................7
1.2.1 Oracle 8 ........................................................................................................................7
1.3 HP-UX ...............................................................................................................................8
1.3.1 Oracle 8 ........................................................................................................................8
1.4 Linux ...............................................................................................................................9
1.4.1 kernel 2.0 & glibc 2.0...........................................................................................9
1.4.2 kernel 2.2 & glibc 2.1...........................................................................................9
1.4.3 kernel 2.4 & glibc 2.2.........................................................................................10
1.5 Solaris........................................................................................................................11
2 创建.......................................................................................................................13
2.1 Oracle 8 & 8i...........................................................................................................13
2.1.1 工具创建......................................................................................................................13
2.1.2 手工创建......................................................................................................................13
2.1.3 MTS（multi-threaded server） ............................................................................14
2.1.4 调整临时表空间..........................................................................................................15
2.1.5 调整回滚表空间..........................................................................................................15
2.1.6 调整日志......................................................................................................................15
2.1.7 调整用户表空间..........................................................................................................16
2.1.8 创建用户......................................................................................................................17
2.1.9 创建数据对象..............................................................................................................17
2.1.10 创建只读用户..............................................................................................................18
2.1.11 启动及关闭数据库实例.............................................................................................19
2.1.12 网络配置......................................................................................................................19
2.2 Oracle 9i....................................................................................................................21
2.2.1 手工创建......................................................................................................................21
2.2.2 创建用户表空间..........................................................................................................22
3 初始化文件配置..................................................................................................23
3.1 Oracle 8 & 8i...........................................................................................................23
3.2 Oracle 9i....................................................................................................................25
4 工具.......................................................................................................................26
4.1 sqlldr..........................................................................................................................26
4.2 exp.................................................................................................................................27
4.3 imp.................................................................................................................................28
第 4 页 共 75页
第 4 页 共 75页
4.4 sqlplus........................................................................................................................29
4.4.1 命令行参数..................................................................................................................29
4.4.2 提示符命令..................................................................................................................29
4.4.3 SET 选项.......................................................................................................................30
4.4.4 例子..............................................................................................................................30
5 备份及恢复..........................................................................................................32
5.1 export 与import 方式............................................................................................32
5.2 冷备份...........................................................................................................................32
5.3 联机全备份+日志备份............................................................................................32
5.3.1 设置..............................................................................................................................32
5.3.2 步骤..............................................................................................................................33
5.3.3 恢复..............................................................................................................................33
5.4 注意要点.....................................................................................................................34
6 数据库优化..........................................................................................................35
6.1 通用设置......................................................................................................................35
6.1.1 硬件配置......................................................................................................................35
6.1.2 应用配置......................................................................................................................35
6.1.3 日常性能监控..............................................................................................................36
6.2 实战分析.....................................................................................................................36
6.2.1 总体分析......................................................................................................................37
6.2.2 详细分析......................................................................................................................37
6.3 专题分析......................................................................................................................39
6.3.1 巨表查询......................................................................................................................39
6.3.2 对比测试......................................................................................................................41
6.3.3 上下载数据..................................................................................................................44
6.3.4 回滚空间快照陈旧（snapshot too old）............................................................46
7 常用技巧..............................................................................................................48
7.1 增加、更改和删除域................................................................................................48
7.2 删除冗余记录.............................................................................................................49
7.3 更改字符集..................................................................................................................49
7.4 表数据迁移..................................................................................................................50
7.5 成批生成数据.............................................................................................................50
7.6 注意要点......................................................................................................................51
8 嵌入式SQL（C） ...............................................................................................53
8.1 编译...............................................................................................................................53
8.2 SQL 语句......................................................................................................................54
8.2.1 内部类型与宿主类型对应.........................................................................................54
第 5 页 共 75页
第 5 页 共 75页
8.2.2 连接和断开..................................................................................................................54
8.2.3 事务..............................................................................................................................55
8.2.4 标准SQL 语句..............................................................................................................55
8.2.5 动态SQL 语句..............................................................................................................55
8.2.6 数组操作......................................................................................................................56
8.3 编程框架......................................................................................................................58
8.3.1 总体原则......................................................................................................................58
8.3.2 单线程和多线程..........................................................................................................59
8.3.3 开发工具......................................................................................................................60
9 OCI—Oracle Call Interface ................................................................................61
9.1 连接和断开..................................................................................................................61
9.1.1 句柄层次......................................................................................................................61
9.1.2 连接流程......................................................................................................................61
9.1.3 断开流程......................................................................................................................62
9.2 SQL 语句.......................................................................................................................62
9.2.1 事务..............................................................................................................................62
9.2.2 无结果集的sql 语句.................................................................................................63
9.2.3 有结果集的sql 语句.................................................................................................63
9.2.4 LOB................................................................................................................................65
9.3 编程框架.....................................................................................................................67
9.3.1 总体原则......................................................................................................................67
9.3.2 sql 语句.......................................................................................................................68
9.3.3 函数..............................................................................................................................69
10 附录—MYSQL .................................................................................................72
10.1 安装配置.....................................................................................................................72
10.2 管理..............................................................................................................................72
10.2.1 初始调整......................................................................................................................72
10.2.2 建立用户对象..............................................................................................................73
10.3 开发..............................................................................................................................73
10.3.1 连接和断开..................................................................................................................73
10.3.2 无结果集的sql 语句...................................................................................................74
10.3.3 有结果集的sql ............................................................................................................74
10.3.4 错误处理......................................................................................................................75

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